Sandy Koufax went down in his prime at 30 having pitched nearly 700 innings the two years before his arm fell off. Then, you have a guy of the same era like Juan Marichal who threw nearly 300 innings a year for 15 years. Drysdale threw 300 innings a year and his arm fell off at 30. Jim Bunning pitched till he was 40. I mean, we could go on and on over cases of guys who could throw and throw and throw...and those who couldn't. That is just one era. The 1960's. Needless to say, a lot of advancements have been made both medically and statistically which demonstrate the benefit of controlling a pitchers workload, but there will still be pitchers who are highly predisposed to injuries because of what they throw and how they throw it. It is only prudent, as a manager, to look at as much data as possible and try to relate it to how a pitcher throws. Limiting and controlling a pitchers workload is the best control a manager has of extending the lifetime of his pitchers. It is a process and the more repeatable you make it, the better chance that the process will be optimized; in non-human terms. Dusty's problem is that he has failed time and again to be proactive. Throwing a guy out there for 120-130 pitches in September, in the heat, and in a 7-0 game is reckless. Throwing a guy out there after a 2 hour rain delay is reckless. Throwing a relief pitcher 4-5 days in a row, routinely, is reckless. These are all areas where the manager has failed to do his homework and went with his gut. It is not an exact science, nor will it ever be because of the human element. All you can do as a manager is to try and be as proactive as possible and hope that increases the lifetime of a pitcher.