The problem with Sosa is that '97 was out of line with where he was trending. In '93 he hit 1 HR every 18.12 ABs In '94 he hit 1 HR every 17.04 ABs In '95 he hit 1 HR every 15.66 ABs In '96 he hit 1 HR every 12.45 ABs Then there's '97 In '98 he hit 1 HR every 9.74 ABs That progression really doesn't look that outrageous when you consider how Sammy barely had a muscle on his body when he came up and the players' power peaking around that age. He'd go on to plateau hitting them at 1 every 9.92, 12.08, 9.01, 11.34, 12.92, and 13.65 again in line with a player peaking, and then declining. So the only question is what the hell happened in '97. He was awful in April of '97 which could be wrote off to not being fully ready for baseball after missing the last month+ in '96 due to injury. But he had an amazing May following that, then mixed in a few horrendous months the rest of the way. Another thing I think that is important to note is that people always talk about Sammy's walk rate one way or another, be it that the walk rate was due to the HRs, or the HRs were due to the walk rate. It's pretty undeniable that Sosa stopped chasing the low and away pitches as much as he did when he was younger. His monthly splits in '98 lend creeednce to the belief that the walks lead to pitchers being forced to pitch him in the zone and Sosa's always prodigious power was then put on display. In April-May of '98 he drew 27 walks, hit 13 HRs. Then obviously in June his HR totals exploded, 20 there, with 6 walks. Very simplistic way to go about it, but I think it at least shows that the BBs weren't solely a function of pitchers pitching around him. There was a change in Sosa's plate discipline, and that played a larger role in Sosa's increased HR production than any PEDs ever could.