it's totally normal because people didn't start making it to 40 with regularity until very recently, thanks in part to synthetics. You are correct that synthetics have played a role in lengthening the human lifespan, but not as big of a role as people like to think. Mostly just eliminating mass diseases/plagues. In general, antibiotics are WAY over-prescribed and also very harmful. Really, the reason that we live longer today is because of our infrastructure. Food is widely available and regulated. We don't have to go around hunting and eating/drinking whatever we happen to find that day (risking all sorts of diseases, etc). Also, we don't get eaten by bears and lions and stuff as much anymore. The bottom line is that people get things like cancer, Alzheimers, diabetes, autism, food allergies, etc at astronomically higher rates today than ever before. It's because of all the toxins we put into our bodies. Boy... now I'm really off topic. people have been mass farming for 10,000 years and food has been widely available since. the very existence of farms implies that they have cities to feed. people living on top of each other in cities is a far better way of spreading disease than people hunting and fishing for food in small reclusive communities. after withstanding plague after plague, we finally figured out a few tricks to improve our chances at survival, antiseptics (thank you, Donnie Darko) and antibiotics. what you're bemoaning isn't pharmaceuticals, but the necessity of pharmaceuticals. but the only way we can live without them now is to trade the plow for the spear, which isn't going to happen. you'll have to live with it. the older our population gets, the sicker it will get. To be fair, there is an over "dependence" (more like over-usage of) pharmaceuticals (particularly psychotropic drugs, which Americans consume at a prodigious rate). And antibiotics are over-prescribed. But your overall point stands. Improved healthcare tools like vaccinations and antibiotics, along with the basic understanding of medical pathology that led to them, are more responsible for our increased longevity than any other factor, by far. They're not remotely perfect, but their role can't be understated. The far more grievous threats currently posed to general health are overprocessed, chemicalized food and environmental pollution, as well as communicable disease. Cubbie swagger says food is well regulated, but this really isn't true. Compared to Europe and many other developed areas, our food regulation is an absolute joke (less of a joke if you buy organic). Of course this is also a symptom of larger populations. It's hard to properly source and make affordable good foods for some many people. You also say the older people get, the sicker it gets. This is obvious. But there is increased incidence/diagnosis of diseases like cancers in younger people, which is a result of two things: improved diagnostic procedures/tools, and increased environmental hazards. There is a tradeoff when you talk about moving from hunter/gather societies to centralized urban/argrarian societies, but not all of the negative effects we see are present as a matter of cause or necessity. I pretty much agree with all of this, including the part about food regulation. I didn't mean that our food was WELL regulated, because it's certainly not. Just to clarify. You make good points about cancer. People are getting all sorts of cancers at younger and younger ages... and it's not normal. It's nice that we're able to diagnose cancer much more easily these days. The sad part is our approach to "curing cancer". The cure to cancer is to eat healthy and keep toxins out of your body. The last thing I'm going to do is pay for chemotherapy so I can live like a vegetable for a few more years and then die anyway. The fact that most people don't have access to good food is what's really unfortunate. I just recently left Illinois and moved to Eugene, Oregon. One of the main reasons is because local organic food is readily available here, and it's part of the culture. Not to mention, it's reasonable priced. There's health food stores and organic restaurants on every corner. Go Ducks!